REGISTER OF RESEARCH WITH A GENDER DIMENSION
 AT STRATHCLYDE, OCT. 2002

 

This Register is organised in the following way.  First there is an alphabetical list of researchers, with links to descriptions of their projects.  Second there is a topic index .  Please send additional entries and information to anne.baran@strath.ac.uk

RESEARCHERS

Stuart Ainsworth
Senior Lecturer
Educational Studies
ec.s.ainsworth@strath.ac.uk

My own research has largely been into how humour intersects with issues concerned with inequality, much of it focussing on humour and harassment.  I have given papers at several International Society for Humour Studies annual conferences.

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Professor John Blackie
Law School
johnb@law.strath.ac.uk

I do quite a bit of work on  "doctrinal legal history", that is the history of the development of rules and  doctrines in the legal system, and that can involve questions naturally of  social cultural, and economic development. Some of these are clearly  gender related. I have recently published a long and rather austere work  on the doctrinal history of the law of defamation in Scotland covering it from  the sixteenth century through to 1914, where these dimensions are particularly  manifest. I noticed at least one gender point (in the seventeenth century  it was held that women could not be witness in a defamation action, on the  ground that the were characterised as themselves always prone to spreading  gossip). I hope in due course to do some work on how the law of defamation in both Scotland and England, and in some European countries, has coped with the  phenomenon of satire, and it seems to me likely that there will be some  gender issues to address. To that end I have tried to keep abreast, in a small way at least, with feminist historiography.

Other colleagues doing work of interest are Jane Scoular (see her entry) and Professor Donald Nicolson who work on Gender and the Law.  Jennifer Ross is an expert on sex discrimination law.  Professor Kenneth Norrie, who is an expert on family law in  every respect and in its widest sense, including issues such as transexualism, gay and lesbian rights and so on. Additionally Scott Wortley, who is a property lawyer, does some work on doctrinal legal history.  

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Dr Callum Brown
Department of History
c.g.brown@strath.ac.uk

Lynn Abrams
School of History
University of Glasgow
l.abrams@modhist.arts.gla.ac.uk

Gender Identities in Scotland  1780-2000.

We are engaged in a study of masculinity and femininity as  interactive sources of identity, using case studies of four different  economic-cultural-linguistic zones of Scotland as a laboratory for new ideas on  the process of change to gendered identities. The zones are Shetland, the  Borders, Glasgow and an area of the West Highlands as yet unselected. Lynn has  been working on femininity in Shetland, and has produced various articles (on  child murder, breach of promise, and Shetland feminine culture) and is working  on a book on Shetland women. Having first published a book on the origins and  development of ritual in the male-only winter fire festival of Up-helly-aa  (published as a book, same title, Mandolin, 1998), Callum has during 2001  been working on masculinity in Shetland, focused thus far on the construction of  ritual in male violence as a foundation for masculinity. The project is likely  to take many years, and to continue to produce interim product before an  intended major duo-graph on the nature of gender identity change over the longue  duree.

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Paul Burton
Senior Lecturer
Information Science
paul@dis.strath.ac.uk

I have two areas with a gender  dimension:
1. Women in the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in  Scotland This will be a theme in my PhD research with the Department of  History I will be analysing the role of women in the Society throughout  its history in Scotland. As an explicitly egalitarian sect, Quakers gave  equal place to women in both the spiritual and administrative life of the  Society, and women played a significant role, especially in its early  history. There was no bar to women ministering in Meeting, or in holding  office. However, early investigation suggests that this complete equality  was not maintained throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, and that women were  given roles which matched society's general view of females. For example, the Women's Meeting dealt with assistance to the poor and sick, or ensuring there were no impediments to marriage, but was effectively subordinate to the Men's Meeting. The situation changed in the 20th century, not least as a result of the lengthy discussions in the last part of the 19th century: the Women's Meeting was not discontinued until 1907.
2. Women and information and communication technologies (ICTs) As part of my interest in, and teaching on the social impacts of ICTs, I  have looked at the use made by women of technologies, including the apparent  division between male and female uses of the Internet and WWW. This is not  ongoing research as such, however.

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Dr Joy Charnley
Department of French
Modern Languages
j.charnley@ccsun.strath.ac.uk

I have done work on women writers in French-speaking Switzerland, publishing several articles/chapters on Yvette Z' Graggen but also writers such as Anne Cuneo and Sylviane Roche. I am currently finishing two chapters on another writer, Janine Massard.

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Professor Christine Cooper
Accounting and Finance
c.cooper@strath.ac.uk

1.   From women's liberation to feminism: Reflections in accounting academia
Abstract
This paper, grounding itself in the economic, social and political position of women today, sets out a case that women from different classes and cultures have to confront different problems and that these are, in the main, class based.  In terms of gains made by the women's movement while these gains are far ranging and significant, they have largely favoured middle and upper class white women.   In this sense women's liberation, as a liberation movement have been largely incorporated within society and the state.  To a large extent feminism now dwells in academic departments and is concerned with theories rather than issues.  Despite the incorporation of "feminism" into the status quo, there has been a noxious backlash against women and feminism in the form of neo-Darwinist Evolutionary Psychology.  This paper considers some of the debates surrounding Evolutionary Psychology and how they apply to mainstream accounting.  The final section of the paper looks at contemporary gender writing in accounting relating it back to the stand taken in the paper that bourgeois feminism has made the best recent political, economic and social gains, and that these might turn out to be at the expenses of the majority of women.

2.  The non and nom of accounting for (m)other nature
Abstract
This paper uses the work of various women writers but most importantly the writing of Hélène Cixous, to question accounting's role in society.  It contends that accounting is masculine in the sense that it embraces all of the Western cultural male attributes.  Given the masculine nature of accounting, the paper considers recent calls for accountants to become involved in accounting for the environment.  The conclusion is that to try to account for environmental issues would be more damaging to the environment than the present situation.

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Dr Hazel Croall
Head of Division of Sociology
Department of Government
h.croall@strath.ac.uk

While much of my work has a gender dimension, it does not easily fall into specific 'projects'. My main research interest is white collar and corporate crime, the study of which has been markedly 'gender blind'. I myself have published one paper specifically devoted to this, and, in work which has looked at the way in which different groups are victimised by this form of crime, I have specifically looked at gender, using some case studies.
Another aspect which interests me is the vast question of the involvement or otherwise of women/ issues of gender in relation the perpetrators of fraud and corporate crime - are these like so many forms of crime related to masculinity?  alternatively, does women's involvement reflect their structural employment position?

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Dr Catherine Eschle
Lecturer
Department of Government
catherine.eschle@strath.ac.uk

Main research interests: feminist theory, political theory, international relations, theories of social movements and social change.
Recent and future research projects with a feminist/gender element:

Global democracy, social movements and feminism
This recently published book examines the relationship between social movements and democracy in social and political thought. It does so in the context of arguments about the exclusions and mobilizations genderated by gender hierarchies and the impact of globalization. A range of approaches in social and political thought are considered: long-standing liberal, republican, Marxist and anarchist traditions; postmarxist and postmodernist innovations; and recent efforts to theorise democracy and social movements at a global level. The book foregrounds the contribution of feminist theory and movement practices, drawing particular attention to black and third world feminist interventions in debates about the democratization of feminism itself. The book concludes by discussing the ways in which such debates are increasingly played out on a global scale, as feminists grapple with the implications of globalization for movement organization. Feminist innovations are shown to be of vital significance to the theorisation of democracy and social movements more generally in an era of global transformation.

Taking part: INGOs, social movements and global change
This paper was written with Neil Stammers of Sussex University for the 5th conference of the European Sociological Association in Helsinki, August 2001. It explores the growing literature in International Relations on transnational actors, global governance and global civil society. This literature tends to conflate social movements and INGOs and remains poorly grounded in existing works on related topics in sociology, politics and social theory. This paper shows how IR literature could be strengthened by a critical awareness of debates from other disciplines, and from activists, about movements and interest/pressure groups. Further, it argues that discussions about INGOs, movements and global change need to engage with long-standing and fundamental arguments in social and political theory, including feminist theory, about the character and constraints of rationalisation, bureaucracy and hierarchy. The paper develops a framework for conceptualising the relationship between institutional and non-institutional forms of political action in order to enable a more holistic understanding of the possibilities for inclusive and effective participation in global change.

Feminism, globalization and citizenship
This is a proposed collaborative research project, to be undertaken with Judith Squires and Charlotte Hooper of the University of Bristol. Discussions are still at an early stage, but it is envisaged that the project will evaluate the implications of both feminist theories of transnational citizenship and IR theories of cosmopolitan citizenship, by drawing on empirical evidence of women’s activism in state and interstate institutions.

Other projects currently being considered include papers on feminist theories of globalisation feminism and women ís peace activism, with specific reference to the Ploughshares organisation and the ways in which women active in Ploughshares locate their activism in a global context and with regards to feminism and other movements for change.

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Rona Fitzgerald
Research Fellow
European Policies Research Centre
r.n.fitzgerald@strath.ac.uk

Main focus is on mainstreaming gender equality in policies and programmes.

Scotland
Current work in Scotland includes developing mechanisms for equality impact assessment of budgets and spending plans for the Scottish Executive. The research aims to provide a detailed account of the budgetary process and to comment on the feasibility of introducing some form of gender impact assessment into this process.

EPRC are also contracted by the Equality Unit of the Scottish Executive to update the guidelines on policy appraisal for equal treatment, and to provide guidelines on mainstreaming equality in the policy appraisal processes of the Scottish Executive. The guidelines are structured around the policy development cycle and include guidelines on a number of areas of economic expenditure and sectoral policy divisions.

Ireland
EPRC has concluded work on developing guidance and training on gender mainstreaming on Housing, Transport and Agriculture and Rural Development in respect of the Irish National Development Plan. Working with the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform, this guidance focuses on mainstreaming a gender perspective into the development, appraisal, monitoring and evaluation of projects and policies funded through the National Development Plan. In addition, EPRC headed a consortium to provide training and capacity building in respect of these areas for policy-makers in Ireland.

Evaluation work includes:
Reports on Phase I and II of the European Equality Project in Wales. The work European Equality Partnership focused on mainstreaming equality across a range of programmes and policies in Wales and provided some useful lessons and good practice.

A paper to the EU/Scottish Executive evaluation conference (2001) on evaluating gender mainstreaming strategies in programme and projects.

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Professor Christine Howe
Head of Department
Psychology
c.j.howe@strath.ac.uk

I can't claim that gender is a main research area, but I do have an interest in the topic and it has been an issue in research of mine that has a different major focus.  So with that proviso, I can offer the following:

Title and Description: Gender and classroom interaction; A series of studies have been conducted comparing the social and physical interaction of boys and girls during classroom interaction.  The studies have considered: a) teacher-led whole-class discussion; b) collaborative group work; c) interaction around (and via) computers; d) assessed group discussion.

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M J Kirkwood
Senior Lecturer
Computer Education
m.j.kirkwood@strath.ac.uk

Attracting women into computing science: laying the foundations in secondary school. (Project now completed.
Boys outnumber girls in computing studies courses in secondary schools
Men outnumber women as computing studies teachers. A range of explanations for this imbalance has been posited. In relation to examination performance within the subject, girls are marginally outperforming boys at Standard Grade, however the difference is more marked in practical coursework which has a problem solving emphasis. In relation to examination instruments, no bias has been detected - question papers present gender neutral contexts (Ganson & De Luca (1996).

These data form the backdrop to my case study, which examined thinking, metacognitive and problem solving skills in relation to subject matter learning (of elementary computer programming) with a class of 14-16 year  olds over two years. This is a study in which both quantitative and qualitative data were analysed by gender, rather than a gender focused study.

A key finding was that, in the case study class, girls' approach to learning was different. Girls more often valued opportunities to consolidate their learning through additional practice opportunities. Boys tended to view this as repetition and a barrier to making progress, and were more focused on getting the task done than on the learning. Girls were more strategic as learners, considering how best to tackle a particular learning task. They collaborated well together.

This work has still to be written up as a journal article (will I ever get round to it!)

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Anne Neil
Lecturer
Department of Primary Education
anne.neil@strath.ac.uk

" Gender Differences in Literacy Attainment"
Research suggests that children's potentials for learning are limited by teachers' failures to address gender biased differences in cognitive or learning styles (Head, 1996). As part of a wider investigation into gender differences in literacy attainment within a Scottish education authority, quantitative and qualitative studies of pupils receiving reading and writing instruction on the Reading Recovery Programme was undertaken in order to explore this claim. The findings offer some support for Head's hypothesis. 75% of pupils in both the quantitative and qualitative studies displayed gender biased characteristics in learning style. Furthermore, the learning styles of all of these underachieving pupils could be characterised as being at the extremes of the learning styles continuum: i.e. displaying either "feminine" or " masculine" traits. Both extremes appeared to inhibit learning, with the masculine style of impulsive risk taking being most resistant to change. However, it will be argued that teaching methodologies, content and gender based expectations of pupils' behaviours, shaped the learning styles adopted by these pupils. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for teachers.

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Dr Kirsty Newsome
Department of Human Resource Management
kirsty.newsome@strath.ac.uk

The gender dimension of changing inter-firm relations and labour process change in suppliers.  This research is concerned with exploring the gender dimension of workplace restructuring not only within particular organisations, but also between organisations. The aim is to extend the territory of existing debates by exploring the impact of labour process change within an overall supply chain. My earlier research in this area indicated how the requirements of workplace restructuring within a large buyer and two supply organisations, operating in the manufacturing sector, intensified and reinforced the prevailing gendered divisions of labour and disproportionately impacted upon women workers. The evidence revealed the importance of exploring distinctions within 'labour' as part of a process of restructuring; yet it also draws attention to the linkages between organisations. Hence the concern was to extend the territory of existing debates by highlighting a gender distinction, or a 'gendering effect' across organisations.
My current research aims to replicate this work in the food manufacturing supply chain, a sector that has been characterised by its use of female labour. By accentuating the linkages between these organisations, the concern is to explore empirically and theoretically how gender divisions are re-enforced and re-constituted within, and between organisations.

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Professor Myra Nimmo
Applied Physiology Group
Institute for Biomedical Sciences
m.a.nimmo@strath.ac.uk

I am an exercise physiologist and have been working with females for some time. I have prepared an internet module within Clyde Virtual University for which I use for teaching purposes. I also have three recent publications in the field. 
Lynch, N. and Nimmo, M. A. (1998) ‘Effect of menstrual cycle phase and oral contraceptive use on intermittent exercise performance’, European Journal of Applied Physiology, 78, 565-572.
Lynch, N. Galloway S.D.R. and Nimmo, M. A. (2000) ‘Effects of moderate dietary manipulation on intermittent exercise performance and metabolism in    women’. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 81, 197-202
Lynch, N. De Vito G. and Nimmo M. A. (2001) ‘Low dosage monophasic oral contraceptives use and intermittent exercise performance and metabolism’,. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 84, 296-301.
With a colleague at Glasgow I am putting together a grant application on body fat losses: comparison of the genders.

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Lisa Pallenson-Stallan
Lecturer in International Business Marketing
lisa-palleson-stallan@strath.ac.uk

I research the effects of intellectual property  regimes on women in developing countries, as gender issues in business. 

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Professor Murray Pittock
English Studies
m.pittock@strath.ac.uk

Part of my work is on the gendering of national identity, e.g. in
Celtic Identity And The British Image (MUP, 1999)
The Complaint of Caledonia 1660-1800, British identity and the Scottish voice' in CUP collection, 2001

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Dory Reeves
Lecturer
Environmental Planning
Doryreeves@cs.com

1). Gender Mainstreaming in Strategic Planning. 
 Abstract of paper being submitted to Town Planning Review
Spatial planning at the strategic level is an area of public policy in which  issues of gender equality have previously not been researched in detail. This  paper presents the first research in the environmental planning field to  explore whether and how strategic agencies in Great Britain  take a gendered  approach to spatial planning policy. The findings of the author's survey of UK strategic planning agencies undertaken in the summer of 1998 reveal particular gaps in understanding and knowledge and confirm the complex nature of the barriers to implementing an approach to planning which considers the needs of women and men. The results demonstrate the current capacity of strategic planning agencies to mainstream gender issues into the 

2). Gender Audit of Local Plans (chair steering group of this Royal Town Planning Institute commissioned  work)  The aim of this project which is being undertaken by a team at University of West England for the RTPI is to· assess the current use of gender auditing within the planning and related professions, both nationally and internationally;· produce a practical tool kit that will help Local Authorities to introduce gender audits in their development plan process.

3) Celebrating the role of women in the design of Glasgow co-authored with Janet Brand, Judith Fryers and Margaret Dunn.
The book celebrates the role of women in the design of Glasgow with a view to recognising just some of the contributions and the remarkable people involved. The heroines of the book are here tonight.  The book  highlights the opportunities which exist for young women and women returners both in the community and in the professions.

4) Abstract of paper presented to the American Association of Planners in 2001
One of the themes being addressed by this session is the gender balance of   the planning profession; the need for change; the steps being takenby  professions and expected outcomes. The balance between women and men in the planning profession (ie corporate members of the Royal Town Planning  Institute, RTPI) is 76% male - 24% female. Amongst women and men the  proportion of planners from ethnic groups is just 1% and only 0.3% of  members are disabled. In political arenas, gender imbalance marks a  democratic deficit and signals a lack of legitimacy of political structures. In the ongoing debates about governance in the professional  institutes, the legitimacy of the current structures is open to question. A strategy for achieving the goal of a 50/50 gendered profession needs to systematically tackle the underlying reasons for the inequalities. This paper will provide an opportunity to examine the rationale for a 50/50 profession and it will examine initiatives being under taken by agencies in the UK. 

5) Mainstreaming gender equality in the professions
This is ongoing work within the Royal Town Planning Institute to ensure that equality issues are  mainstreamed into the work of the Institute.

6) Planning for Diversity book proposal
The main purpose of this book is to provide planners and related professionals with an understanding of diversity as an important principle of planning for sustainability.  It will provide an historical context so that readers can understand and see how the debates and discussions have developed. Essentially, it aims to be a text which both students of diversity as well as planning practitioners and researchers will find useful. 

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Professor Peter Robson
Law School
peter@law.strath.ac.uk

I am following up some research I did some years on the use of civil protection for victims of domestic  violence on inter-personal interdicts   1.  Reacting to splits - restraining post relationship breakdown behaviour : an  examination of interdict use in Scottish sheriff courts by individuals against  their ex-partners [ my initial pilot work suggested this was solely done by women against ex-boyfriends ] 
I am also expanding on a chapter in a book I have just co-written on law and lawyers  in film looking at the representation of women lawyers from 1985 to  1999.  

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Nina Saunders
Research Office
Scottish School of Sport Studies
nina.saunders@strath.ac.uk

The title of my research is 'Women and leadership in Outdoor Education'.
There are less women involved in leadership and coaching in the outdoors. My research is involved in looking at National Governing Bodies (for skiing, mountaineering and canoeing) and asking course providers, leader sand potential leaders (male and female) about gender issues, and then comparing their perceptions and opinions to see if leadership award courses should be changed with a view to getting more women involved, and make recommendations to the NGB's

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Jane Scoular
Law School
Janes@law.strath.ac.uk

I research in the field of Jurisprudence, Feminist Theory and alternative dispute resolution, focussing particularly on the emerging discipline of mediation. A number of my publications are listed below;

Of particular relevance is
My contribution to the field of feminist legal theory. My work includes the theoretical overview: 'Feminist Jurisprudence' in Contemporary Feminist Theories (eds) Stevi Jackson and Jackie Jones, Edinburgh University Press.  1998.  I also infuse more mainstream legal fields with feminist perspectives, for example, my Chapter in 'The Revival of Scots Equitable Doctrine: A Space for Gender Concerns’ in Scott-Hunt & Lim (eds) Feminist Perspectives on Equity, Cavendish. 2000.. Reviews include, 'A Review of Barnett's Feminist Jurisprudence' 1(1) Feminist Theory, (2000), 165  and the forthcoming Drucilla Cornell's 'Just  Cause' Feminist Theory, (2001).
My book Family Dynamics, which includes chapters from the leading family law theorists, is the first book of its kind to take a gendered and critical approach to this subject in our jurisdiction. Collaborative work in this area will lead to a further work, this time co-authored, on Child Abuse and the Law. I have previously worked on the subject of False Memory Syndrome 'Courtroom Dramas: Representations of False Memory Syndrome', Trouble and Strife, 40, 1998.
My work in the area of contact and domestic violence which is currently in press (and formed the subject of the keynote speech at the Women's Support Project AGM). This work informs the current process of consultation and research, by the Scottish Executive, into the issue of domestic violence.
My work with the Routes Out of Prostitution SIP; which involves a monitoring role and commissioned research on women, violence and the legal system. A current Scottish Office grant for £17,000 will produce original work which should stand as a model for other jurisdictions dealing with this subject. Future work with the project is likely and findings will be disseminated in international refereed journals.
My work in mediation contributes to an international body of academic work in a fast growing area.  At present I have written a chapter in my book Family Dynamics on gender, process and Family Law which will this summer be adapted for the Journal of Law and Society an internationally recognised refereed journal, to follow on from previously published work in this area.  I have co-written a piece with a fellow practitioner to be published in Scots Law Times, which critiques the current focus of research in this field.

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Dr Rae Stark
Vice Dean (Academic)
Faculty of Education
m.e.r.stark@strath.ac.uk

I have undertaken a number of government-funded projects and have always analysed the findings with regard to gender-related differences.  The area is primarily science and ICT education across the 5-14 age range. If you need more detail, I can supply them and provide a list of relevant publications/conference contributions.

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Dr Lorraine Stefani
Centre for Academic Practice
l.stefani@strath.ac.uk

CAP will be pleased to consider liaising if there are any staff development events you might want to develop and foster.

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Professor Michael Thomas
Department of Marketing
Michaelt@strath.ac.uk

As Editor of Marketing Intelligence and Planning, I have a reputation for publishing gender issues relating to marketing

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Eileen Yeo
Professor of Social and Cultural History
Director of SCIGS
eileen.yeo@strath.ac.uk

All my research has a gender dimension now.  My projects in progress include:

Meanings of Motherhood in Europe and America, 1750-the present
This book looks comparatively at Britain, France, Germany and the United States, to study the development of a powerful ideology of femininity as motherhood and to explore how groups of women experienced and responded to it.  These groups include middle and working-class women, women from minority racial and ethnic groups and childless women.  Feminist thinking on motherhood is considered in a final chapter on Whither/Wither motherhood.

Social Identities in Modern Britain: Keywords and Concepts
Co-written with Stephen Yeo, this book explores the contested history of key terms in the British social vocabulary for designating groups of human beings in the 19th and 20th centuries, including the People, Public, Class, Masses, Community, Family, Nation, Race and Sex.

The Politics of the Public Sphere: Class and Gender Challenges, 1789 to the Present
This book explores class and gender attempts to enter the public sphere, and the realm of citizenship.  It interrogates the historiography which constructs the British public sphere, from the 18th century onward, as polite, refined and open to access by negotiation, as well as monitoring profound changes in the understanding of public space.

Love and Marriage among the Social Scientists, 1880-1950
This project moves my work on gender division in social science into the 20th century, by exploring couples who dedicated themselves to social science, e.g. Patrick and Anna Geddes.  It explores the gender division of their personal relations as well as of their intellectual work and social activism.

My recent publications include
Eileen Janes Yeo, The Contest for Social Science. Relations and Representations of Gender and Class, Rivers Oram, 1996 and
edited books: Radical Femininity. Women's Self-Representation in the Public Sphere, Manchester University Press, 1998;     Mary Wollstonecraft and 200 Years of Feminisms, Rivers Oram, 1997, and with Barbara Einhorn, Women and Market Societies, Crisis and Opportunity, Edward Elgar, 1995. I also co-edited with Australian colleagues a special Issue of Women’s History Review on Revisiting Motherhood: New Histories of the Public and Private, 1999.

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TOPIC INDEX

Accounting

and feminism, see C. Cooper
and Neo-Darwinist evolution, see C. Cooper

Audit

gender audit of local plans, see D. Reeves

Body

women’s exercise and diet, see M. Nimmo

Buisness

and gender, see K. Newsome,  L. Palleson-Stallon,

citizenship

globalisation and feminism, see C. Eschle

Computer Science

attracting women into, see M. Kirkwood,
and gender differences, see R. Stark

Crime

and gender, see H. Croal

Culture

women and design in Glasgow, D. Reeve
women’s culture in Shetland, see C. Browne for L. Abrams

Education

gender and classroom interaction, see C. Howe
gender and Literacy Attainment, see A. Neil
gender and science, see R. Stark
women and leadership in outdoor education, see N. Saunders

Family

law, J. Scoular,
historical changes, E. Yeo    
violence, J. Scoular, p.18, P.Robson

Feminism

and accounting, C. Cooper
and citizenship, C. Eschle
and peace, C. Eschle
feminist legal theory, J. Scoular
global democracy and social movements, C. Eschle
historical issues, E. Yeo

Glasgow

gender identities in, C. Brown
women and design, D. Reeves

Humour

and inequality, S. Ainsworth

Information Technology

and women, Burton
attracting women into, M. Kirkwood
International Non-Governmental Organisations
interdisciplinary and feminist framework for analysis, C. Eschle

Law

and child abuse, J. Scoular
and domestic violence, P. Robson,  J. Scoular.
and gender,  J. Blackie, p. 1 also for D. Nicolson, J. Ross, K. Norrrie and S. Wortley
and prostitution,  J. Scoular
family law,  J. Scoular           
representation of and of women lawyers in film, P. Robson

Mainstreaming

Ireland: guidance, training evaluation, R. Fitzgerald
Scotland: equal access, R. Fitzgerald
Wales, R. Fitzgerald

Marketing and Market Society

and gender, M. Thomas
women and market societies, East and West, E. Yeo

Motherhood

meanings of, historical and current, E. Yeo

National Identity

Celtic identity, M. Pittock
gender and Scottish, E. Yeo

Organisations

and gender,  K. Newsome

Physiology

and women’s exercise, M. Nimmo
body and diet,  M. Nimmo

Planning

gender and mainstreaming in, R. Fitzgerald, D. Reeves

Professions

planning profession gender balance, D. Reeves
gender equality in, D. Reeves
gender and historical development, professional masculinity and femininity, E. Yeo
professional development and gender, L. Stefani CAP

Prostitution

routes out of, J. Scoular
Public Space and Public Sphere
gender and, E. Yeo

Religion

women in the Society of Friends, Burton
and gender in Scottish History, Yeo
religious resources for women’s public identities, Yeo

Scotland

gender and Making of the Nation, E. Yeo
gender identities in, C. Brown
national identity, M. Pittock
mainstreaming, R. Fitzgerald

Social Movements

and gender, C. Eschle,  E. Yeo

Social Science

and gender - historical, E. Yeo

Violence

child abuse, J. Scoular
child murder historical, see C. Brown for L. Abrams     
domestic, P. RobsonJ. Scoular
ritual male, C. Brown

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